Comparison between Woven and Knit Fabrics
Woven Fabric
Woven fabrics are made by
connecting two sets of threads perpendicular (0 ° / 90 °) to each other by
crossing one side and the other in an alternating way (Figure 1). The threads
that correspond to the length of the fabric are called straight threads, and
those that correspond to the length of the fabric are called weft or fill yarn.
In woven fabrics, the strings are stitched together at interlocking points, so
a sufficient number of connecting points are needed to hold the fabric together
in a stable manner. Therefore, these fabrics are compact so that the threads do
not split during service, therefore, they cannot be a mesh form. In the woven
fabric, due to the method of weaving, i.e., passing the wap and filling the
wires below and above each other, the strands on both sides are in the form of
a crimp. Woven fabric used in clothing and clothing or decoration and for
covering purposes. Woven fabric is also suitable for upholstery fabric.
Knitted fabric
The knitted fabric is produced
by interloping threads, in which the knitted fabrics are made using a set of
interlocking needles that pull the strings to form loops. This type of fabric
can be produced using a flat bed or circular weaving machines. The straight
column of the loops in the length of the fabric is called‘re’ and the
horizontal line of loops in the width of the fabric is called ‘course’. Appropriate
directions are called 'wale direction' and 'course direction'. One integrated
loop includes a head loop, two side limbs and two sinking loops.
Weft knitted fabrics are very common in textile use and are used
very little to strengthen applications, as the final shape of the fabric ends
up with high bending. In these cases, the loop cable runs through the weft
(cross-machine) of the fabric, passing through one loop to the other. Similar
to the method used by hand knitting, the entire fabric structure can be
produced with a single thread. In addition, because of their low dimensional
durability, weft woven fabrics are easy to stretch.
In warp knitted fabrics, the threads that make the loops run in
the form of a warp fabric (length, with machine direction). To produce the
whole fabric structure, more threads are needed. The method involves tying a
set of twisted ropes together with loops that rotate in a curved length from
one column to another, alternately, depending on the geometry of the fabric
needed to use the intended end. Compared to woven fabrics, these fabrics show a
very high structural stability. Due to the tight, loop-based connections to the
fabric members, woven fabrics can be produced in a variety of mesh openings and
spaced structures.
Knitted fabric has useful features that make it suitable for a range of clothing including tights, gloves, underwear and other closing garments. The loop structure of the woven fabric is stretched and shaped to fit the body shape. Trapped air keeps the wearer warm.
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