What is wool and protein fiber?.Production of wool fiber and grading. Different types wool fiber.
About Wool Fiber
What is Wool Fiber?
Wool is the oldest and most
important animal fiber. It is one of the most important protein fibers. Wool is
the most widely used fiber in foreign countries in cold climates meaning fiber
from domesticated other hair fibers mohair, cashmere wool camel or horse wool
products but all hair fibers cannot be used for textile purposes.
For the following reasons:
All hair fibers do not have the required level of ability to
rotate.
All other fibers in the
pond in areas of the fabric such as soft, strong, fine.
The chemical structure of
some hairpins should not be used in the textile field.
Grading
of wool:
|
Type |
Length |
Diameter |
|
Fine
wool |
3.21-10
cm |
10-32
µm |
|
Medium
wool |
5-22 cm |
20-41
µm |
|
Long
wool |
12.5-35.55
cm |
35-55
µm |
|
Cross
breed |
7.5-15.50
cm |
20-45
µm |
|
Mixed |
Length
varies according to source |
20-100
µm |
Chemical
structure of wool fiber:
The most important
component is known as keratin.
|
Keratin |
45-73% |
|
Grease |
5-18% |
|
Moisture |
10-10% |
|
Suint |
2-15% |
|
Sand
and Dust |
4-32% |
|
Vegetable
Matter |
0-5% |
Physical
properties of wool:
1. Length: The length of the wool fibers varies from
3.6 cm to 35 cm The length varies not only from different species but also from
the same animals.
2. Fineness: The fineness of wool fibers exhibits the
same type of behavior as well as varying lengths ranging from 10 microns to 70
microns in the opposite phase of the opposite phase of the opposite fiber phase
from cuticle to helical crimp -wool fiber. The role of the spinning rate varies
from 0 to 30 crimp / inch.
3. Strength: The distant of the wool fiber is poor
compared to other fibers due to the low fiber structure the strength of the
strength varies accordingly and is 1600 to 2150 kg / cm2.
4. Elasticity: The elasticity and elongation of wool
are the most important structures of the body under consideration of the
general taste of wool with 90% elasticity.
5. Moisture: Wool content is normal and wool absorbs
12 to 15%.
6. Special gravitational force: 1.30 gm per cm3.
7. Shine: Wool fiber where particular wool is
preferred is extravagant.
8. Color: The color of wool can be white to black and
brown usually Austrian full white and American wool has a light olive color.
9. Electrical Buildings: Bad police conductor.
10. Heat structures: when heated in dry air above
100oC begin to become painful and shriveled and cough up to about 200oC.
Chemical
properties of wool:
1. The effect of acid:
HCL concentrated and H2SO4 hydrolyzed wool and wool color change from yellow to
deep yellow. Nitric acid reacts quickly and the flexible temperature of the wool
reacts with exothermic fiber dissolving rapidly in solid nitric acid.
2. Alkali effect: 5%
NaOH 8 balls completely dissolved in wool in 2 minutes.
3. The effect of the
oxidizing agent: A potent H2SO4 potential solution for magnetic damage of
old chromatics depending on the concentration temperature and pH.
4. The effect of the
reducing agent: Reducing the keratin group attacking agent in its salt link
and this damages the wool.
5. Wool polishing: Filling is a process in which the scales present in the wool are gradually removed as the scales are folded and give the desired fabric shrinking which is the construction process offered which is called grinding during heavy grinding. Decreases occur which avoid wrinkling during the use of wool.
Wool use:
Wool cloth is used for all
kinds of clothing, bed covers, bedding, toilet covers, table cloths and more.
Boots, Carpet, Bedding, Sweaters, Coats, and Chair covers etc.
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